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	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	Canada Organic Biologique Canada · Tier 1 Gold	India Organic (NPOP) India · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	The federal Canadian organic standard, mandatory on any agricultural product sold across provincial borders or imported as 'organic'.	India's national organic mark under the National Programme for Organic Production. Administered by APEDA; required on any food exported as organic and increasingly on domestic packaging.
Scope	Food	Cosmetics	Food	Food
Established	2002	2010	2009	2001
Inspection	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by CFIA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by APEDA-accredited certifier
Residue testing	Required on ≥5% of operations annually	Risk-based	Risk-based, conducted by accredited certifiers	Required for export shipments
Guarantees	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	≥95% organic ingredients (single-ingredient products: 100%). No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs, no irradiation. Annual third-party certification under the Canada Organic Regime.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual third-party certification.
Does NOT	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Provincial sales-only operations are not legally required to carry it (though many do voluntarily).	Domestic-only sales can also use FSSAI's 'Jaivik Bharat' mark — if you see only 'Jaivik Bharat' without 'India Organic', the supply chain may be PGS-India rather than NPOP-accredited.

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