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	USDA Organic United States · Tier 1 Gold	Fairtrade International Global · Tier 3 Specialty	Korea Organic South Korea · Tier 1 Gold	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted
What it means	The US Department of Agriculture's national organic standard. The green-and-white seal is the legal mark for any food sold as 'organic' in the United States.	Certifies fair prices and conditions for producers in developing countries — not organic, not environmental. Common on coffee, cocoa, sugar, bananas, tea.	South Korea's national organic mark under MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). Required on any food sold as 유기농 in Korea.	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.
Scope	Food	Food	Food	Food
Established	2002	1997	2001	1986
Inspection	Annual on-site by USDA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by FLOCERT (independent of Fairtrade International)	Annual on-site by MAFRA-accredited certifier	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors
Residue testing	Required on ≥5% of operations annually	Not for organic — Fairtrade alone doesn't test residues	Required	Required
Guarantees	At least 95% of ingredients are certified organic (the '100% Organic' variant requires every ingredient). No synthetic pesticides, no synthetic fertilizers, no GMOs, no sewage sludge, no irradiation. Annual on-site inspection by a USDA-accredited certifier. Residue testing on at least 5% of certified operations each year.	Minimum price floors for producer cooperatives. Fairtrade Premium paid into community-development funds. Bans on the worst forms of child and forced labour. Producer organisations must be small-farmer cooperatives or hired-labour plantations meeting standards.	≥95% organic ingredients. No synthetic pesticides, no GMOs. Annual on-site inspection by a MAFRA-accredited certifier.	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).
Does NOT	Doesn't certify nutrition, taste, or animal welfare specifically (separate marks like AWA cover welfare). Doesn't guarantee local production — a 'USDA Organic' product can be grown anywhere with an accredited inspector.	Doesn't mean organic — many Fairtrade products are conventionally grown. A separate Fairtrade-Organic dual certification exists.	Cosmetics and textiles are covered under separate Korean schemes, not this mark.	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.

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