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	Debio Ø (Norway) Norway · Tier 2 Trusted	EU Ecolabel (Flower) European Union · Tier 3 Specialty	AB (Agriculture Biologique) France · Tier 2 Trusted	? 'Natural' (NOT a certification) Worldwide · Tier 4 Marketing
What it means	Norway's only accredited organic certifier. The Ø-merket is required on any food sold as 'økologisk' in Norway. Operates to EU 2018/848 equivalence plus Norwegian add-ons.	The European Commission's voluntary environmental label. Covers cleaning products, paper, textiles, electronics, accommodation services. NOT an organic mark.	France's national organic mark, owned by the Ministry of Agriculture. Sits alongside the EU Leaf on virtually all French organic packaging.	The word 'natural' on packaging is a marketing term, not a certification. In most jurisdictions there's no legal definition, no standard, and no inspection. A product labelled 'natural' can contain synthetic ingredients, pesticides, GMOs, and artificial flavours.
Scope	Food	Several categories	Food	Several categories
Established	1986	1992	1985	—
Inspection	Annual on-site by Debio-accredited inspectors	Annual audit by national Ecolabel competent body	Annual on-site by French-accredited certifiers	None
Residue testing	Required	Per-category limits	Risk-based	None
Guarantees	EU baseline organic. Annual on-site inspection. Norwegian-specific welfare standards (esp. for cold-climate livestock).	Lifecycle-based environmental criteria per product category. Restrictions on hazardous chemicals. Annual licence renewal with audit.	EU baseline organic (EU 2018/848). Annual on-site inspection by accredited French certifiers (Ecocert, Bureau Veritas, Qualité-France).	Nothing. It is not a certification and there is no body verifying anything.
Does NOT	Norway is outside the EU — the Ø is recognised under EEA equivalence, not direct EU equivalence.	Doesn't apply to food. Doesn't mean organic.	Same standard as the EU Leaf — AB is the brand consumers recognise, not a stricter rule.	Doesn't mean organic. Doesn't mean pesticide-free. Doesn't mean GMO-free. Doesn't mean ethically produced. Some markets (e.g. the US FDA on food, EU on cosmetics) place very limited restrictions on the word, but enforcement is weak.

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