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	Demeter International Global · Tier 2 Trusted	COSMOS-Organic / Natural European Union · Tier 2 Trusted	? 'Natural' (NOT a certification) Worldwide · Tier 4 Marketing	SisOrg — Produto Orgânico Brasil Brazil · Tier 1 Gold
What it means	The certification mark for biodynamic agriculture. Stricter than any government organic standard: it covers the entire farm as a closed ecosystem, follows a planting calendar tied to lunar/solar cycles, and bans many practices the baseline organic rules permit.	The leading certification for organic cosmetics in Europe. Two grades: COSMOS Organic (≥95% organic agricultural ingredients) and COSMOS Natural (no organic minimum, but the same restricted-ingredient list).	The word 'natural' on packaging is a marketing term, not a certification. In most jurisdictions there's no legal definition, no standard, and no inspection. A product labelled 'natural' can contain synthetic ingredients, pesticides, GMOs, and artificial flavours.	Brazil's national organic mark under the Sistema Brasileiro de Avaliação da Conformidade Orgânica, administered by MAPA. Required on any food sold as 'orgânico' in Brazil.
Scope	Several categories	Cosmetics	Several categories	Food
Established	1928	2010	—	2009
Inspection	Annual on-site by Demeter-accredited inspectors	Annual on-site by COSMOS-accredited certifier	None	Annual on-site, MAPA-accredited
Residue testing	Risk-based on top of organic	Risk-based	None	Required for export
Guarantees	All organic standards PLUS biodynamic preparations and whole-farm planning. Whole-farm certification (not single fields/products). Annual on-site inspection by Demeter-accredited inspectors. Animal welfare standards stricter than baseline organic.	COSMOS Organic: ≥95% organic agricultural ingredients. COSMOS Natural: minimum natural-origin ingredients with banned synthetic restrictions. No GMOs, no parabens, no PEGs, no synthetic fragrances, no SLS/SLES. Biodegradability requirements. Annual on-site audit.	Nothing. It is not a certification and there is no body verifying anything.	≥95% organic ingredients per Brazilian Organic Law 10.831/2003. Annual on-site inspection by MAPA-accredited certifier OR a participatory-guarantee group (OPAC). Two valid pathways: third-party certification OR a peer-reviewed OPAC system.
Does NOT	Biodynamic philosophy includes esoteric elements (lunar planting, herbal preparations) that many scientists view as non-evidence-based — the agronomic outcomes are still good, the underlying claims about cosmic forces are not testable.	Doesn't certify clinical effectiveness or skin tolerance.	Doesn't mean organic. Doesn't mean pesticide-free. Doesn't mean GMO-free. Doesn't mean ethically produced. Some markets (e.g. the US FDA on food, EU on cosmetics) place very limited restrictions on the word, but enforcement is weak.	OPAC (peer-review) certified products are valid in Brazil but typically not accepted for export — exporters need third-party (e.g. IBD).

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